For example, higher levels of vaccine hesitancy (e.g., Fisher et al., 2020 Willis et al., 2021) were observed in the Black American community, with similar patterns observed among American Hispanics (e.g., Jacobi and Vaidyanathan, 2021). Thus, there remain numerous competing explanations for lagging vaccination rates in the United States ( Mejia, 2021). There are many emerging explanations for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for reviews of this growing literature, see Aw et al., 2021 Bierwiaczonek et al., 2021 Biswas et al., 2021 Puri et al., 2020 Salomoni et al., 2021 Solís Arce et al., 2021.Įarly in the pandemic, many explanations were advanced by researchers and gained widespread acceptance, only to be supplanted by newer research pointing to other explanatory factors ( Skelley, 2021). But the scope of the COVID-19 pandemic, combined with its politicization and the easy availability of conspiracy theories and misinformation on social media, have spawned widespread interest in the individual factors that shape COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy ( Dubé and MacDonald, 2020 Sallam, 2021). Vaccine hesitancy has always been a global phenomenon and historical barrier to immunization campaigns ranging from measles, mumps, and rubella to human papillomavirus ( MacDonald, 2015 Nayar et al., 2019). The public health transition from a pandemic that led to a global lockdown-and subsequent economic, social, and political externalities-to a manageable endemic disease ( Phillips, 2021) more akin to influenza remains highly contingent on vaccination rates. Vaccine hesitancy continued to obstruct COVID-19 control efforts well after the release of free, safe, and effective COVID-19 vaccines. Our findings help reconcile numerous disparate findings across the literature with implications for health education and future research. Political beliefs explained more variation in vaccine hesitancy-and in particular, vaccine refusal-after belief in COVID-19 vaccine misinformation was excluded from the analysis. Using logistic and multinomial regression, we found that the strongest correlate of vaccine hesitancy was belief in misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccines, though we surmise that this common explanation may be endogenous to vaccine hesitancy. The survey contained modules designed to assess various sociopolitical domains and anti- and pro-social personality characteristics hypothesized to shape vaccine hesitancy. This cross-sectional study assesses a diverse set of correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy identified in previous studies using US survey data (N = 2055) collected in July–August 2021. However, these factors have rarely been tested comprehensively, in tandem, or alongside other potentially underlying psychological factors, thus limiting our understanding of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Throughout the pandemic, scientists and journalists have attributed lagging COVID-19 vaccination rates to a shifting set of factors including demography, experiences during the height of the pandemic, political views, and beliefs in conspiracy theories and misinformation, among others. Vaccine hesitancy and refusal continue to hamper COVID-19 control efforts.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |